缘分·功德·共同体——佛教信仰的私人性与社会性

Yuanfen,Kongde and Community Private and Social Character of Buddhism Belief

信仰具有私人性。就佛教信仰而言,表现为人佛关系的私人化。但信仰最初也是社会关系的一种形式,作为社会公共精神的表达。构建与社会发展相适应的"人间佛教"及其信仰实践方式,需要提升私人化的佛教信仰的公共性涵义。因而,佛教如何参与社会建设,或者以什么样的信仰方式进入社会建设的过程,就涉及到一个佛教信仰者的身份建构及其在社会认同、国家认同之间,寻找一个彼此能够整合的认同路径的问题。

Belief is usually considered as a private and personal affair. To take Buddhism belief as an example, it presents a phenomenon of individualization. However belief can also be considered as a kind of social relationship, and a way of expression on public affairs. Today, Humanistic Buddhism, which is treated as a good way of constructing a belief which is ：suitable with modem society, needs to promote its public meanings against its plesent individual characters. So the way of how Chinese Buddhism take part in the procedure of constructing a good society, and what image Chinese Bud- dhism may show in this procedure, will involve itself into a question of how to melt the different identities of followers＇ on religion belief, society and state well together. In this essay the Buddhism concept of Yuanqi （eg. reason, cause, sake, relationship, edge, etc.） and Kongde （merits, offer, serving, etc.） are discussed. And the question of how to construct＇ a new Budohist status which contains the spirit of citizenship is analyzed.