贸易开放和生产率提升:基于要素禀赋的分析

Trade Opening and Productivity Advancing:A Factor Endowments-based Study

研究了贸易开放对生产率水平的影响机制,发现要素禀赋起着决定性的作用。在贸易开放的情况下,要素禀赋决定一个地区的专业化生产模式,而专业化生产通过干中学过程影响生产率水平。利用中国1996年—2005年间省际面板数据,通过实证研究发现贸易开放对生产率水平的影响取决于劳均物质资本的多寡,即当劳均物质资本存量较低时,贸易开放会降低生产率水平;当劳均物质资本存量较高时,贸易开放会提高生产率水平。

Through studying the impact of trade opening on productivity,it is found that factor endowments play a decisive role.On the condition of trade opening,factor endowments determine the specialized production patterns of a region,and the specialized production can affect the productivity level through the process of learning by doing.This study uses China′s interprovincial panel data between 1996 and 2005 to make an empirical research.It is indicated that the impact of trade opening on productivity depends on the quantity of physical capital per worker,that is to say,when the stock of physical capital per worker was low,trade opening will reduce production level;but when the stock of physical capital per worker was high,trade opening will increase productivity level.