三峡水库长期使用问题研究

Study on the problems of long-term use of Three Gorges project

本文介绍了水库长期使用的基本原理、影响因素及三峡水库长期使用问题的研究过程和主要结果。研究表明,三峡水库为河道型水库,上游来水量丰沛、含沙量小,来水来沙集中在汛期,具有长期使用的有利条件;采用"蓄清排浑"的调度运用方式,能起到较好地控制水库泥沙淤积,至水库淤积达到相对平衡时,大部分有效库容能保留,水库可以长期使用。今后,在运行实践中还需要结合上游大型水利水电工程的运行,不断优化三峡水库调度运行方式,以确保综合效益的充分发挥和水库长期使用。

This paper introduces the basic principles, influencing factors, research procedures and main research results of the long-term use of Three Gorges reservoir. This reservoir of river type has rich inflow and low sediment concentration upstream, with most of the incoming flow and sediment concentrating in the flood period. These features are beneficial to the long-term use. The operation policy of store clear and release muddy is effective in controlling sediment aggregationin the reservoir and in realizing the goal of long-term use when the aggregation and degradation balances while most of the original storage capacity remains effective. From now on the reservoir should be regulated in an optimal manner and the optimization must consider the operation of large-scale hydro powers locating upstream if full multiple uses and long-term use are insured.