广西玉米种质资源对纹枯病的抗性鉴定

Identification of Resistance to Sheath Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani in Maize Germplasm in Guangxi

在人工接种条件下,对860份玉米材料进行了纹枯病抗性鉴定和评价,旨在为进一步开展玉米纹枯病抗性育种和分子生物学研究奠定基础。结果显示,在鉴定的860份玉米材料中,没有发现免疫的材料,高抗、抗、中抗、感和高感的比例分别为3.49%、28.60%、26.16%、10.35%和31.40%;在农家种、群体种和杂交种(组合)等杂合体中,抗病材料所占比例较大,而自交系等纯合体中,感病材料所占比例较大,表明玉米杂合体种质资源材料中可能蕴藏着不同的抗纹枯病基因,特别是广西农家种中可能存在对纹枯病具有稳定抗性的材料,值得进一步研究和利用。

By artificial inoculation,eight hundred and sixty maize germplasm were screened and evaluated for resistance to sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The results showed that no any germplasm with immune to the disease was found, and a few germplasm were highly resistant. The germplasm percentage of highly resistant, resistant,moderately resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible to sheath blight was 3.49% ,28.60% ,26.16% , 10.35% and 31.40%, respectively. The results indicated that heterozygotes, such as local landraces, populations and hybrids, had higher percentage of resistant and moderately resistant germplasm, and homozygotes, i. e. inbred lines,was with more susceptible and highly susceptible germplasm. It meaned that in heterozygotes there were some different resistance genes,and in landraees of Guangxi there were some resistant germplasm with stable resistance genes to sheath blight and these genes would be researched and used for variety improvement.