4-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑合成研究

Studies on synthesis of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole

以甲酸和水合肼为原料，通过甲酰化、环化合成出了4-氨基-1，2，4-三氮唑，收率为84．6％，熔点为86—88℃。合成最佳反应条件为：温度160℃，甲醇与水合肼的最佳料比为1：1．5，反应时间常压2h、减压2h。并用元素分析、红外图谱、核磁以及质谱对其进行了结构鉴定。讨论了影响ATA收率的影响因素以及作为含能离子液体在TNT替代物领域的应用。

4-Amino-1,2,4-trizole was synthesized with the formic acid and the hydrazine hydrate by formylate and cyclocondensation. The yield reached 84.6% and melting point was 86 - 88 ℃. The optimal reaction conditions specified a reaction temperature of 160℃,a ratio of formic acid to hydraztine hydrate （tool） = 1 ： 1.5, reaction time of compression reaction 2 h, decompression reaction 2 h. FTIR, NMR, MS and elementary analysis were used to identify the structure of ATA. The factors affecting ATA＇ s yield and application of TNT replacements as energetic ionic liquids were discussed.