低密度烧蚀材料高温气动剪切试验研究

Aerodynamic Shear Tests on Low Density Ablation Materials Under High Temperature

利用超声速平板试验技术,对两种低密度烧蚀材料在高焓、低热流(气流剪切力70N/m2,冷壁热流密度200kW/m2,气流总焓12MJ/kg,压力1kPa,试验时间300s)条件下进行了高温气动剪切试验。试验中通过试验件的不同安装方式,综合考核了材料的性能及工艺。结果表明:两种低密度烧蚀材料试验过程中无明显剥蚀,表面碳层完整,材料的抗剪切性能较好,两种材料表面烧蚀较为均匀,材料间的粘接缝没有明显的开裂,也没有出现冲刷凹槽,材料的热匹配性能较好;材料与底板之间没有脱落现象,粘接工艺较好。

Shear tests on low density ablation materials were carried out by using the flat panel models on supersonic arc jet stream. The surface shear stresses,the cold wall heat flux,the total enthalpy, the surface pressure and the test time were 70 N/m2 ,200 kW/m2, 12 MJ/kg, 1 kPa and 300 s respectively. The performances and technology of two kinds of low density ablation materials were checked by different installation of models in test. The materials have no erosion and the char remained intact. The surface recessions are almost the same and the filled gap between materials are well. The materials are not separated from the back plate. The results show that materials possess good performances of anti-shear, thermal matching and good sticking.