氮循环菌群的构建鉴定及其脱氮性能研究

Construction,Identification and Its Denitrogenate Ability of Nitrogen-Cycling Bacterium Functional Group

由氨化菌、亚硝化菌、硝化菌和反硝化菌构成的氮循环菌,在代谢过程中可将含氮物质最终转化为无害的氮气释放到空气中,有效地降低水体中氮的浓度。利用从活性污泥、猪粪发酵液、鱼塘水及土壤等多种环境样品中分离得到效果较好的氨化细菌5株、亚硝化细菌4株、硝化细菌4株及反硝化细菌5株,选取不存在拮抗作用的不同氮循环功能的菌株构建菌群,并对其脱氮能力进行测定研究。结果表明,AGIQ和AGMR两个组合的脱氮能力较强,在室内模拟富营养化水样中,4d内脱氮率分别可以达到80.92%和82.36%,这两个组合不仅能够降低总氮和氨氮浓度,而且不积累亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮。对效果最好的AGMR组合的4个菌株进行了菌种鉴定,确定分离的菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、门多萨假单胞菌(Pseudomonas mendocina)、蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)和类产碱假单胞菌(Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes)。

In the past few years, water eutrophication due to high concentration of nitrogen （N） and phosphorous （P） have become increasingly severe and a global problem. Thus, it is immediate to control and remedy N pollution in water environment. Now eutrophic water is restored mostly by artificial environment created by plant. While from the perspective of N cycle, since the nitrogen-cycling bacteria could promote the N cycle and reduce nitrogen concentration in eutrophic water, microbial restoration based on such relevant functional bacteria is a good way to control N. But,there are many nitrogen forms in the eutrophic water and one single microbe hardly tranform or removal of all nitrogen. So nitrogen-cycling bacteria functional group that composed of ammonifier, nitrosobacteria, nitrobaeteria and denitrifying bacteria, could convert nitrogencontaining material into nitrogen gas through its metabolism process. Five ammonifiers, four nitrosobaeteria, four nitrohacteria and five denitrifying bacteria involved in nitrogen cycling were screened from Various environmental samples, such as activated sludge, pig manure fermentation liquid, fish pond water and soil. The nitrogen-cycling functional groups were no antagonisms each other. The nitro- gen removal abilities were then assessed. And two groups, AGIQ and AGMR, perform better than others with the removal rates of 80.92% and 82.36% within 4 days, respectively. No nitrite or nitrate nitrogen were accumulated in the treated water. The four strains comprising the group AGMR were identified as Bacilhts subtilis, Pseudomonas mendocina, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes, respectively.