论中央向地方放权的法律技术——英国2007年大伦敦当局法评析

The Lawful Skill of Devolving Power fromCentral Government to Local Government——The Analysis on Great London Authority Act 2007

英国2007年出台的大伦敦当局法是一部形式意义大于实体意义的法,它包含了一套科学的向地方放权的法律技术。首先权力的下放严格遵循了公开、参与原则,确保了权力下放的程序合法性;其次,每一项放权都伴有管制影响评估,并有对特定利益的综合影响评估,为权力下放提供了技术正当性支持;最后,为保障下放的权力不被滥用,该法设计了多重监督机制,将法律在权力设置中的调控作用发挥得淋漓尽致。

Great London Authority Act 2007 （Regulatory Impact Assessment） contains a series of lawful skills devolving powers from central government to local government. First, the power devolving procedure must abide by rules of openness and participation, which ensure the devolving conform to legal process; second, every power devolved has companied with regulatory impact assessment, which provide skill support for power devolving; finally, there are multi-supervision devised in thc GLA ACT 2007 which can make the GLA exercise power legally and rationally.