膏桐种子形态、粗脂肪含量与环境因子关系

The Relationship of Morphological Characters,Crude Fat of Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) Seed with Environmental Factors

对云南省两个不同地区膏桐(Jatropha curcas)种子形态特征,粗脂肪含量与环境因子关系开展研究,结果表明:湿热环境的景洪较干热环境的元谋膏桐种子成熟散布期提前,形态特征也优于元谋膏桐种子(P<0.01);土壤有机质是影响膏桐种子粗脂肪积累最重要的因子,对膏桐种子粗脂肪积累起显著正效应;干旱胁迫也是影响膏桐种子粗脂肪积累的一个重要的限制因子;景洪膏桐种子粗脂肪含量、含水量较元谋膏桐种子更高,但粗脂肪含量与含水量比率较低(P<0.01);具有较高粗脂肪含量的膏桐种子与其含水量的比率可能是植物对干旱胁迫适应的一种机制,其对物种的适应有着重要的生态学意义。

This paper focused on the relationship of morphological characters, crude fat content of Jatropha curcas seed with environmental factors from two areas in Yunnan. The research demonstrated that seed maturity and dispersal in humid and hot Jinghong area were shorter than that in dry and hot Yuanmou area, and the criterion of seed morphological characters from Jinghong was also better than that from Yuanmou （ P 〈 0.01）. Soil organic matter content was the most important soil factor which made positive effects to seed crude fat accumulation while drought stress was one of the most important climatic factors restricting the seed crude fat accumulation. Seed from Jinghong contained higher crude fat content, moisture content and lower ratio of crude fat content and moisture content （ P 〈 0.01 ） than seed from Yuanmou. High ratio of crude fat content and moisture content in the seed from dry area could be one of the adaptive mechanism of J. curcas to drought stress which made an important ecological significance to species adaption.