遗传与环境因素对儿童内向行为影响的双生子研究

The effect of genetic and environmental factors on the internalizing behavior of children： a twin study

目的利用双生子设计的定量遗传分析方法探讨遗传因素与环境因素对于儿童内向行为的影响。方法使用Achenbach儿童行为评定量表家长版本调查了189对成都地区6～16岁双生子的内向行为，采用Holzinger公式计算遗传度，家长评定家庭亲密度和适应性量表、一般健康问卷调查特定环境因素。结果（1）儿童内向行为遗传度为0．54，年龄、性别与其相关。（2）家庭实际适应性、父母心理健康情况与儿童的内向行为显著相关（r=-0．213，0．250，0．309；P，〈0．001），母亲心理健康状况为其危险因素（OR=2．483，P=0．008）。结论遗传因素和环境因素对儿童的内向行为均有影响，年龄和性别与遗传度相关，影响儿童内向行为的环境因素包括家庭功能和父母的心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the impacts of genetic and environmental factors on the internalizing behaviors of children using quantitative genetic analysis designed for twin study. Methods One hundred and eighty nine twin pairs aged 6-16 years were studied using parental information of Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales-Ⅱ and General Health Questionnaire-12. The heritability of the internalizing behavior of children was also estimated. Results （1） The heritability of the internalizing behavior of the children was 0. 54, which differed in different age and sex. （2） Family adaptability and parental mental health status had significant correlation with the internalizing behavior of children （r=-0. 213,0. 250,0. 309, respectively, Ps〈0.001 ）, especially the mental health status of the mother（OR= 2. 483,P= 0. 008）. Conclusion The internalizing behavior of children was influenced by genetic and environmental factors including family function and parental mental health status. It differed in different age and sex.