牡丹江城市鸟类调查

Investigation of Urban Avian in Mudanjiang

2004年5月至2009年4月对牡丹江城市鸟类进行调查,共记录鸟类91种,隶属14目31科,占全国鸟类总种数的7.69%。说明牡丹江地区鸟类资源比较丰富,其丰富度指数1.967,均匀度指数0.6538,Shannon-Wiener指数2.949。记录的91种鸟中留鸟26种,夏候鸟53种,冬候鸟3种,旅鸟9种,分别占总数28.6%、58.2%、3.3%、和9.9%。在居留型上,主要以夏候鸟为主。在区系组成上,东洋种5种,占5.5%,古北种54种,占59.3%,广布种32种,占35.2%,以古北种为主。记录到的91种鸟类中包括松雀鹰(Accipitervirgatus)、苍鹰(A.gentilis)等8种国家Ⅱ级保护野生动物。在所调查的鸟类中雀形目鸟类最多,15科52种。

A survey on the urban birds was conducted in Mudanjiang city,Heilongjiang province from May 2004 to April 2009. The survey duration covered an entire 12 months. Totally,91 species of birds,belonging to 14 orders,31 families were recorded,which account for 7.69% of total species in China.The species richness index is 1.967,evenness index is 0.653 8,and Shannon-Wiener index is 2.949. Among the 91 species of birds,26 species are residents,53 species are summer residents,3 species are winter residents,9 species are migrants passing by,occupying 28.6%,58.2%,3.3% and 9.9% respectively. Summer resident is dominant component of avifauna in the study area;five species are oriental species （5.5%）,54 are Palaearctic species （59.3%） and 32 cosmopolitan species （35.2%）. Eight birds have been listed as national second class protected species including Accipiter virgatus and A.gentilis. Bird Passeriformes is the largest group including 52 species belonging to 15 families.