从《野性的呼唤》和《白牙》看杰克·伦敦的生态观

On Ecological Points of View of Jack London——An Analysis of The Call of the Wild and White Fang

《野性的呼唤》和《白牙》是体现杰克.伦敦自然、现实主义的经典力作。两部小说通过狗狼的反向流变展现了不同的人与自然关系所产生的两种截然相反的结果:巴克野性的回归是对人类文明的挑战,预示着"人类中心主义"的解体;而白牙野性的感化是对人类生态正义的回报。这种人与自然关系的反向流变再现了天人合一、物种平等、敬畏生命的生态整体观和生态伦理观。这种生态解读旨在唤起人们的生态意识和生态责任感,激励人们切实行动起来参与生态保护。

The Call of the Wild and White Fang are two major works in expressing Jack London ＇s naturalism and realism. Through the reverse transformation of dog and wolf, the two novels exhibit the two contrary results：Buck＇s return to nature is to challenge human civilization, indicating that the anthropocentrism dissolves while White Fang＇s going back to society is to reward the ecological justice of human being. This is the perfect reappearance of integral ecology outlook and ecological ethic outlook which consists of the integration between human and nature, the equality of species and the reverence of life. This interpretation is to arouse people＇s ecological consciousness and enhance their ecological responsibility to take immediate actions to protect environment.