高频超声检测颅外段颈动脉在临床疾病中的应用及危险度的评价

Clinical Application and Risk Assessment of High-frequency Ultrasound Detection on Extracranial Carotid Artery Disease

目的使用高频超声检测颅外段颈动脉,探讨颅外段颈动脉病变在国内东北地区临床疾病中的发生率,并根据病变程度进行危险度分级,为早期发现病变和及时干预治疗提供科学依据。方法根据6 842例颅外段颈动脉的超声表现,分析颅外段颈动脉各组疾病的发生情况、分类,分析其在临床疾病中的危险度。结果颈动脉内膜一中层厚度随年龄增长而显著增厚,6 842例患者中,颈动脉斑块发生率为38.0%,狭窄率>50%的发生率为11.4%;脑梗死、脑出血、心肌缺血、高血压、高血脂、高血糖等临床疾病的患者中,伴有颈动脉斑块的占80.0%,合并颈动脉狭窄并且狭窄率>50%的占45.0%,随年龄增长各组病变的发生率均增加。结论高频超声检测颅外段颈动脉病变,可间接反映心脑血管疾病的发生发展,如何早期发现颈动脉病变,目前彩色多普勒超声已成为检测的首选方法,并且可以根据病变进行分类及危险度的分级,有利于临床医生制定防治方案,减少心脑血管不良事件的发生。

Objective To detect extracranial carotid artery by high- frequency ultrasound and to investigate the incidence rate of extraeranial carotid artery lesion in northeast China. As well as to classify the risk grade in accordance with the degree of lesion in order to provid scientific bases for early detection and timely intervention in disease treatment. Methods The risk degree and the incidence of 6 842 cases ultrasound were classified analyzed. Results Carotid artery intimamedia thickness was significantly thicker with age. In 6 842 patients, the incidence of carotid artery plaque was 38.0%. The incidence rate of stenosis rate over 50% is 11.4%. The rate of patients, with cerebral infarc- tion, cerebral hemorrhage, ischemic heart blood, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high blood sugar, ete al, who had carotid artery plaque is 80.0%, and who had carotid artery stenosis （the stenosis rate over 50%） is 45.0%.Further more. The incidence rate increased followed by age increment in each group. Conclusion High - frequency ul- trasound detection of can indirectly reflect the cardiovascular and eerebrovascular disease occurrence and development in extracranial carotid artery disease. Color Doppler ultrasound has become the first choice of early detection method in carotid artery disease. With it, the lesions can be classified and and made risk classification. That can help clinicians to develop prevention and treatment project to reduce the incidenc of cardiovascular and eerebrovascular adverse eventse.