公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生学评价的要点分析

Key Points in Hygienic Evaluation of HVAC Systems in Public Places

目的对集中空调通风系统卫生学评价要点进行探讨分析,以确保卫生学评价工作的科学、客观与公正。方法通过近3年全国各地集中空调通风系统卫生学评价工作情况调查及试点工作结果,从集中空调系统主要健康危害因素以及卫生学评价的基础技术资料、具体评价方法、抽样与卫生检测、评价报告具体内容等方面对集中空调通风系统卫生学评价要点进行探讨分析。结果提出了集中空调通风系统新、改、扩建设计和竣工验收预防性卫生学评价、运行过程经常性卫生学评价、清洗后清洗效果卫生学评价的具体方法。结论通过集中空调通风系统卫生学评价的要点分析及相应方法的提出,为卫生学评价这项新型公共卫生技术工作在危害因素分析、具体评价方法、现场勘察、抽样与卫生检测及评价报告具体内容等方面提供有效补充,为现行规范标准的修订奠定基础,具有一定的技术与社会效益。

Objective To analyze key points in hygienic evaluation of HVAC systems in public places, ensure science, objective and justice for sanitary evaluation. Methods Through investigation and pilot work results for hygienic evaluation of HVAC systems all over the nation in recent three years, key points in evaluating HVAC systems were analyzed including the aspects of main health risk factors of HVAC system, basic technical materials of hygienic evaluation, hygienic evaluation method, sampling and hygienic inspection of hygienic evaluation, and contents of hygienic evaluation report. Results The methods were proposed such as new, modified and extended preventative hygienic evaluation for central air conditioning system design and completion acceptance, routine hygienic evaluation for in - service central air conditioning systems, and cleansing effect hygienic evaluation for HVAC systems after cleaning. Conclusion By key points analysis of HVAC systems and proposal of corresponding measures, the effective supplements are provided including risk factors analysis, evaluation method, on - site investigation, sampling and hygienic inspection and contents of evaluation report for the new public health technique and hygienic evaluation. It provides bases for the revision of present normative standard and has a certain degree of technical and social benefit.