盐皮质激素受体的结构和功能

Structure and function of mineralocorticoid receptor

盐皮质激素受体作为核受体家族的一员,通过激素信号的传递和激活醛固酮靶基因的表达,调控多种生理病理反应。近年来,研究证实盐皮质激素受体不仅调控水盐平衡,而且对心血管功能、行为认知、细胞凋亡以及脂肪代谢等有重要作用。盐皮质激素受体结构和作用方式与其他核受体有共同之处,但同时也从多个层面上表现其独特性。该文从盐皮质激素受体结构、分布、选择性、功能以及与疾病的关系等方面进行综述。

The mineralocorticoid receptor（MR） belongs to the nuclear receptor family. It integrates hormonal signaling and activates the expression of aldosterone target genes, which control various physiological processes. In recent years, evidence has shown an important role of MR not only in the regulation of sodium and water homeostasis but also in cardiovascular function, cognitive, and adipocyte differentiation. MR not only displays common mechanism of action as a member of nuclear receptor family but also its own specificities. This review described the structure, molecular mechanism of action and transcriptional regulation mediated by MR. Finally, its role in physiology and pathophysiology will be reviewed.