农业土地利用优化配置系统的研建

Design and Implementation of the Agricultural Land Use Optimal Allocation System

本文依据农业土地利用优化配置的基本技术流程,基于.NET2005平台、C#语言和ArcGIS Engine 9.2组件,设计开发了具有统一用户界面和运行环境,包括数据预处理、土地适宜性评价、面积最优计算、空间配置和结果输出等五大功能模块的农业土地利用优化配置系统(ALUOA)。ALUOA系统的突出贡献是将土地适宜性评价、土地利用结构优化和空间配置三大过程有机整合,实现了功能模块之间特别是GIS与优化模型间的有效联接。以伊犁新垦区为案例进行系统验证研究的结果表明:ALUOA操作界面简单,交互性良好,方便用户参与研究、决策过程;具有较强的空间、属性数据分析、决策推理和信息可视化能力。可为区域农业土地利用优化配置研究提供更为全面、规范和自动化的服务。

In the present work,a rural land use planning system,termed ALUOA（Agricultural Land Use Optimal Allocation）,was designed and implemented on the platform of.Net 2005（Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2005）.The basis of ALUOA system is GIS（Arc Engine 9.2）,while other models were programmed by C#language,and then incorporated into GIS.The entire system was organized by five modules,i.e.,data preprocessing module,land suitability evaluation module,land use area optimization module,spatial allocation module and result export module.Each module can be taken as an independent function,but connected with each other.Preprocessing module consists of a variety of spatial analyst tools,such as union,overlay,reclassify and select by attributes,statistics,etc.These tools are used to standardize factor layers.Then these thematic layers are imported to the evaluation module,to carry out land evaluation by allocating each factor certain weight.The third module,land use area optimization module,is designed for optimization of land use areas using the linear programming model.Suitability maps and land use areas derived from previous two stages are imported into the spatial allocation model,with the support of the hierarchical optimization model to produce final land use maps.The ALUOA system is innovative because three stages of rural land use planning processes were incorporated into just one tool,and packed in modules each.The three main modules were closely linked,as the results of one module are utilized the input for the others.This made the entire allocation procedure more direct and continuous.The feedback among modules enables the final result to be more reliable.It also enables new factors involved in the planning process to be identified.The system can also allow alternative land use plans to be generated according to different scenarios.This tool basically contributes to directing and supporting discussion across the entire planning process.In addition,the ALUOA system provides a relatively simple and friendly interface,as one module was compacted in one menu.The tools or the method were designed as sub-menu.The preprocessing module pull-down menu provides all spatial analyst tools used in the entire planning procedure.Another strength of the ALUOA system lies in the simple methods,as weighted linear summation,linear programming model and hierarchical and zonal optimization methods were adopted respectively at each stage.At last,the system was applied to the newly reclaimed area,Yili,for demonstrating its efficacy.Results indicated that the system can enable alternative land use plans to be generated for this region in terms of different stakeholders＇perspectives.Directing and supporting discussion throughout the entire planning process,in combination with simple methods employed and brief design together make the tool powerful,useful for planners to design rural land use more easily and reasonably.