杆状病毒介导外源基因在哺乳动物细胞中表达的研究进展

Recent Advances on the Baculovirus-mediated Expression of Foreign Gene in Mammalian Cells

杆状病毒(Baculovirus)是一种以昆虫为唯一宿主的病毒,可用做生物杀虫剂或作为表达载体在昆虫细胞中大量表达外源蛋白,制备疫苗。研究发现,在哺乳动物细胞中携带哺乳动物启动子的重组杆状病毒能启动下游外源基因的表达但病毒不能在哺乳动物细胞中增值,对细胞毒性小,转导成功的细胞可以稳定传代并有效表达外源基因,哺乳动物细胞比昆虫细胞对蛋白质具有更好的翻译后修饰,表达出的蛋白结构更接近天然蛋白。因此,杆状病毒可作为一种新型的哺乳动物细胞基因转移载体,用于表达外源基因及作为一种基因治疗载体,具有巨大潜力,日益受到人们的关注。本文对杆状病毒作为一种表达载体在哺乳动物细胞中表达的研究进展进行了综述。

Baculovirus is an insect virus that naturally infects and replicates in insect cells. It has been employed as bioinsecticide and also for production of recombinant proteins and vaccines. It was found by several studies that baculoviruses harboring mammalian expression cassettes could efficiently express reporter genes in mammalian cells. Benefit from the low cytotoxicity and non-replication nature in mammalian cells, the transduced cells could stably passage and effectively express foreign genes. Another benefit of this expression system is the advanced post-translational modification of expressed proteins. All the advantages mentioned above have captured growing attention as a novel vector for protein expression and in vivo gene therapy. In this article, the progress of baculovirus as a expression vector in mammalian ceils was reviewed.