东亚飞蝗不同发育时期蛋白质与氨基酸动态变化

Dynamic Changes of Protein and Amino Acids in Locusta migratoria manilensis at Different Developmental Stages

为研究东亚飞蝗(Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen)不同发育时期体内营养物质变化规律,采用质量法、凯式定氮、氨基酸分析等方法,对东亚飞蝗不同发育时期虫体质量、水分变化、蛋白质及氨基酸动态变化进行测定和比较分析。研究结果表明:东亚飞蝗发育各阶段,水分和体质量增加均极为显著(P<0.01);刚孵化出的1龄幼虫中蛋白质质量分数最高达到87.6%,随着虫体的发育蛋白质质量分数逐渐降低,直至4龄幼虫再次升高,成虫体内蛋白质质量分数较高;氨基酸在东亚飞蝗幼虫发育时期基本呈现"高—低—高"的动态变化趋势,进入成虫时期必需氨基酸质量分数较高,并且雌性虫体内氨基酸质量分数高于雄性虫体。东亚飞蝗在不同发育时期体内蛋白质和氨基酸所呈现的动态变化,说明了在蝗虫发育过程中,为其机体的构建和诸多生理功能的完成提供了物质和能量的储备,以及在发育代谢过程中的重要调控作用及不同时期调控水平的差异。

The purpose of this study is to test the dynamic changes of nutrients in Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen at different developmental stages. The weight of locust body and water, and contents of protein, amino acids and five kinds of microclements were compared and analysed using weight, Kjeldahl determination, amino acid analyzer and atomic absorption spectrometry. Results showed that the weight of water and body of L. migratoria manilensis increased significantly at each developmental stage. The content of protein was the highest in 1st larva （87.6%） and decreased until 4th larva with the development, furthermore the content of protein in the female adults was higher than that in the male adults. The content of amino acids in larva exhibited a＂ high-low-high＂ tendency and it was higher in adults in which the content of amino acids in the female was higher than that in the male. The dynamic changes in the contents of protein and amino acids suggest that those nutrients in accumulation and supply provide material and energy for the development and physiological function of L. migratoria manilensis during the development from larva to adult, and the dynamic changes of the nutrients play crucial roles and the nutrients have significant differences in development and metabolism.