电容器参数对感应线圈炮发射特性影响的分析

Influence of Capacitor Parameters on Launch Performance of Induction Coilgun

为提高感应线圈炮抛体加速力、出口速度和系统效率,在介绍了发射原理后建立了单级同步感应线圈炮的等效电路模型,将抛体电枢的电阻和电感通过互感反映到驱动线圈回路电路中以简化抛体电枢加速力的计算过程并采用电磁场有限元计算与嵌入式外电路耦合的方法,瞬态仿真分析了电容器不同电容值和不同电压值对感应线圈炮发射性能的影响。仿真结果表明:感应线圈炮发射时的放电脉冲电流波形与独立的LCR放电波形不同,驱动线圈与抛体之间的互感变化对放电时间常数有影响,抛体涡流引起的反感应电动势对驱动线圈的电流变化有阻碍作用,增大电容器的电容值或电压值都能够增强抛体的加速力,但是系统发射效率并不一定提高。最后指出,在高速感应线圈炮的设计中,应当减小脉冲电容器的电容值,同时提高电容器的充电电压值。

We introduced the launch physics of the induction coilgun, established the equivalent circuit model of single-stage synchronous induction coilgun, which can simplify the calculation of projectile accelerated force by reflecting the projectile resistance and inductance to drivecoil loop circuit. Based on the electromagnetic field finite element computation and external circuit coupling, the influence of capacitor parameters On induction coilgun launch performance is analyzed with transient simulation. The simulation result indicates that the current discharge wave of the coilgun is different from the independent RLC circuit. The mutual inductance between drivecoil and projectile has an impact on the discharge constant. Back electromotive force of drivecoil arising from the projectile eddy current restrains the coil current＇s change, which can increase the projectile accelerate force by increasing the capacitance or voltage of the capacitor, but the system launch efficiency doesn＇t always increase. In the design of the supervelocity induction eoilgun, it is better to reduce the capacitance and improve the charge voltage.