茎瘤芥(榨菜)产量性状的基因效应研究

Analysis of Gene Effects of Yield-Contributing Characters in Tumorous Stem Mustard

以5个茎瘤芥杂交组合的P1、P2、F1、F2、B1、B2世代为试材,采用世代平均数分析的多元回归法,对瘤茎纵径、瘤茎横径、瘤茎产量、菜形指数和茎/叶等5个产量性状的基因效应进行了分析.结果表明:5个产量性状的遗传以加性效应为主,加性类效应明显大于非加性类效应,加性率在50%以上;在瘤茎纵径、瘤茎产量和瘤茎横径的遗传中显性与上位性效应也较重要,其效应率均在10%以上,在菜形指数的某些组合中也显著存在;而茎/叶的上位性率达21.99%,比显性效应更加重要;产量性状的上位性较为普遍,主要是加性与加性、显性与显性的互作.

Vertical length,horizontal length and yield of the tumorous stem and tumorous stem index and stem/leaf ratio of the P1,P2,F1,F2,B1 and B2 of 5 tumorous stem mustard hybrids were recorded and their gene effects were analyzed with multiple regression analysis of the generation means.The results showed that additive gene effects had major contributions to the 5 characters,with a rate of over 50%.The dominant and epistatic gene effects were also important,with a rate of over 10% for vertical length,yield,horizontal length and tumorous stem index of some crosses.The epistatic gene effects accounted for 21.99% and seemed to be more important than dominant for stem/leaf ratio.Epistatic effects of the yield-contributing characters were widely noticeable,their main effect being additive-additive and dominant-dominant interactions.