影响烧伤患者康复因素的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of factors influencing rehabilitation of burn patients

目的了解影响烧伤患者康复期综合健康状况的因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、艾森克人格问卷、医学应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表、简明烧伤健康量表，对2008年2-10月在福建医科大学附属协和医院烧伤科住院的101例烧伤患者康复情况进行调查及评分。将调查数据行多元线性回归分析，找出影响烧伤患者康复的因素。结果本组患者躯体健康领域（57±16）分，得分指标71.1％；心理健康领域（97±19）分，得分指标80.6％；社会活动领域（53±8）分，得分指标88.4％；一般健康状况领域（45±11）分，得分指标74.5％；综合健康得分（251±44）分[标准分为（314±55）分]，得分指标78.5％，处于中等偏上水平。各维度得分指标最高为社会活动领域，最低为躯体健康领域。进入综合健康回归方程（F=11.602，P〈0.001）的影响因素有：月收入、烧伤面积、手术次数、性格内外向性及掩饰性、支持利用度、社会支持及屈服应对。对综合健康变异的解释量为46.6％。结论月收入、烧伤面积、性格内外向性及掩饰性、社会支持、屈服应对是影响烧伤患者康复水平的主要因素。

Objective To study the factors influencing health of burn patients in rehabilitation period. Methods One hundred and one patients hospitalized in burn department of Xiehe Hospital of Fujian Medical University from February 2008 to October 2008 were investigated by means of General Information Questionnaire, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, and the Social Support Rating Scale. Their rehabilitation condition was scored according to the Abbreviated Burn-Specific Health Scale. Investigation data were processed by multiple linear regression analysis in order to find out the factors influencing rehabilitation of burn patients. Results Patients in this group were scored （57±16） points in physical function, rate[（actual score/possible highest score）×100% , the same below] 71.1% （the lowest） ; （97±19）points in psychological function, rate 80.6% ; （53±8） points in so- cial function, rate 88.4% （the highest） ; （45±11） points in general health, rate 74.5% ; （25±44） points in comprehensive health [standard score （314±55） points ] , rate 78.5% （upper middle）. The factors included in the comprehensive health regression equation （ F = 11. 602, P 〈 0.001） were： monthly income, size of burn, number of operations, introverted/extroverted characteristics, lieing, degree of utilization of support, social support, and resignation. They accounted for 46.6% of the variance of comprehensive health. Conclusions Monthly income, size of burn, introverted/extroverted characteristics, lieing, social support, and resignation are the main factors influencing the rehabilitation level of burn patients.