中国侧柏地理种源核型分析与进化趋势

Karyotype Analysis and Evolutional Trend of Geographical Provenances of Arborvitae in China

本文以16个不同地理种源的侧柏种子为试验材料,采用普通压片法,对其核型及进化趋势进行研究。研究结果表明:核型均为K(2n)=22=22m,均属1A类型,有1～2对染色体具随体,不同种源次缢痕位置不同;辽宁凌源、河北获鹿、山西长治、陕西黄陵、四川射洪、福建南平、云南昆明的染色体相对长度组成中有L染色体,其余仅有M2和M1染色体;通过聚类分析及进化趋势图分析发现,河北获鹿的最进化,河南登封的最原始。

In this research,Arborvitae seeds from sixteen geographical provenances were used as experimental material to be studied for its karyotype and evolutional trend by using ordinary squash method.The results showed that all the karyotypes formula of the tested sixteen geographical provenances were K（2n）=22=22m,all of which belonged to 1A type,One and or two pairs of the chromosomes were found to carry a satellite,The position of secondary constrictions were not similar in different provenances.;The L chromosome could be found in the chromo-some composition based on relative length of the geographical provenances from Lingyuan of Liaoning,Huolu of Hebei,Changzhi of Shanxi,Huangling of Shanxi,Shehong of Sichuan,Nanping of Fujian,and Kunming of Yun-nan,the M2 and M1 chromosomes can be found in that of others provenances.Based on the cluster analysis and evolutional trend analysis of karyotype in sixteen arborvitae provenances,the arborvitae of Huolu of Hebei might be the most advanced provenance,while that of Dengfeng of Henan would be the most primitive provenance.