传统“手艺”三对范畴的艺术现象学研究

Art Phenomenological Study on the Three Pairs of Domains in Traditional "Handcraft"

"手艺"是人类造物艺术活动中涉及面较广的一种现象。"手艺"的概念是非定义性的,没有非常清晰的界定和概念,然而,经由手的作用,却有着丰富的外延。它不仅用来指称某类艺术活动(如:手工艺、工艺美术和民间传统手工技艺)中的技能,还可以指称其产生的艺术作品,同时"手艺"中还包含着由来已久的传统造物艺术的精髓,其中"手"与"心"、"技"与"道"、"悟"与"味"是三个"体、用"范畴。而用现象学方法解析这些造物艺术现象,可以较为全面、有效地解读"体、用"的这三对子范畴内部的关系,从"手艺"现象本身出发揭示其内在规律及存在的意义。

＂ Handcraft＂ is a phenomenon which involves various aspects in the artistic activities of human creation. The definition of ＂handcraft＂ is not definite, without clear boundary or definition; however, it has rich denotation with the use of the hand. It refers not only to the skills in certain kinds of artistic activity （ such as handcraft, artistic hand and traditional folk hand skills） , but also to the art works produced with these skills. Meanwhile, ＂ handcraft＂ also contains the essence of traditional creation art, in which ＂ hand＂ and ＂ mind＂ , ＂ skill＂ and ＂ approach＂ , ＂ under- standing＂ and ＂ tasting＂ are three scopes of ＂ appreciation and application＂. By analyzing these creation phenomenon in the phenomenological approach, we can interpret the inner relationship of the three pairs of scopes completely and effectively, and reveal its inner laws and existential significance from the ＂ handcraft＂ phenomenon itself.