不同类型痴呆患者血小板及红细胞膜脂质的改变

Changes of erythrocyte and platelet membrane lipid pattern in different subtypes of dementia

目的探讨不同类型痴呆患者血小板及红细胞膜脂质及磷脂的改变。方法选择Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病１９例、Ｂｉｎｓｗａｎｇｅｒ病（ＢＤ）２５例，多发性梗塞性痴呆２３例，单发皮质梗塞性痴呆１１例，血流动力性痴呆７例，Ｐａｒｋｉｎｓｏｎ′ｓ病痴呆１８例，健康对照组２５例。分别测定血小板及红细胞膜胆固醇、总磷脂含量及磷脂各组分含量。结果与对照组比较，ＢＤ患者和多发性梗塞性痴呆患者红细胞膜及血小板膜总磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱（ＰＣ）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（ＰＥ）含量降低，胆固醇、胆固醇与磷脂比值升高，单发皮质梗塞性痴呆患者红细胞膜及血小板膜胆固醇、胆固醇与磷脂比值升高，膜总磷脂及磷脂各组分无明显改变。结论ＢＤ患者和多发性梗塞性痴呆患者血小板、红细胞膜存在磷脂代谢障碍。

Objective To investigate the changes of platelet and erythrocyte membrane lipids and phospholipid composition in different types of dementia. Methods There were 19 patients with Alzheimer′s disease, 25 patients with Binswanger′s disease, 23 patients with multi infarct dementia, 11 patients with single cortical infarct dementia, 7 patients with vascular dementia of haemodynamic type, 18 patients with dementia following Parkinson′s disease, and 25 senile controls. Platelet and erythrocyte membrane cholesterol, total phospholipids and individual phospholipids were quantified. Results When compared with senile controls, the decrease of total phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine and the increase of cholesterol and cholesterol/total phospholipids ratio on the erythrocyte and platelet membrane were found in patients with Binswanger′s disease and in those with multi infarct dementia. The increase of erythrocyte and platelet membrane cholesterol, cholesterol/phospholipids ratio was found, but there was no significant change in membrane total phospholipids and phospholipid composition in patients with single cortical infarct dementia. Conclusion Metabolic disorders of platelet and erythrocyte membrane phospholipids were noted in patients with Binswanger′s disease. These disorders were related to white matter low attenuation.