协作式规划评价指标及芝加哥大都市区框架规划评析

Evaluation Criteria for Collaborative Planning and the Application to the Regional Framework Plan of the Chicago Metropolitan Area

本文主要介绍基于哈贝马斯的交流理性的协作式规划模型的核心原则;并比较其与强调系统的理性模型在规划师的作用和规划过程的不同。文章同时介绍了印尼斯(Judith E. Innes)所提出的协作式规划模型的过程和结果两个方面的评价指标。其评价体系强调在碎片化的社会结构和复杂的价值体系下,规划师如何通过规划过程建立各方参与者之间的共识,编制规划方案和进行规划决策。结合芝加哥大都市区框架规划,这一协作式规划模型在规划实践中应用的典型案例,文章运用印尼斯的标准体系对该区域性规划进行评述。最后作者将分析协作式规划在中国规划实践中可能的应用,以及该评价体系对更广泛的规划项目的借鉴意义。

This article examines core principles of collaborative planning model, which is developed on the basis of communicative rationality created by Jurgen Habermas. We compare the function of planners and the planning process in collaborative planning model with those in rational planning model that emphasizes systems. It follows with an introduction of a framework for evaluating collaborative planning, which provides criteria for both process and outcome. The evaluation system focuses on how planners build consensus through planning processes in a fragmented society and complicated value systems. The article examines the regional framework plan for the Chicago Metropolitan Area, a typical collaborative planning, under the guidance of the evaluation system; and then concludes with exploring to what extent we could apply the collaborative planning model and its evaluation framework in Chinese planning practice.