纸塑铝复合包装处置方式的生命周期评价

Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Al-PE-Pa Laminated Packaging and Waste Treatments

采用生命周期评价(LCA)法研究了纸塑铝复合包装的全生命周期环境影响,并在处置阶段对不同处置方式的环境影响进行评价.通过现场和资料调研的方式,获得所有生命周期阶段能量物质的输入/输出和环境外排数据.结果表明:纸塑铝复合包装生命周期阶段中环境影响比重最大的是原料获取阶段,占75%以上.纸塑铝复合包装的全生命周期环境影响主要集中在化石燃料、土地占用和无机物对人体损害3个方面,在矿产资源、气候变化、酸化富营养化和生态毒性方面影响稍小.3种处置方式对环境影响由大到小依次为填埋>焚烧>再生,其中填埋和焚烧处置分别比纸塑铝复合包装处置阶段前的环境影响增加11%和7%,再生可降低23%,而进一步降低环境影响的方式为发展铝塑分离技术.

Life cycle assessment （LCA） was used to examine the environmental impacts over the life cycle of Al-PE-Pa laminated packaging, and to compare the environmental impacts from different laminated package waste treatments. The data of mass and energy fluxes and the environmental emissions were obtained from the literature and from site investigations. The results showed that the environmental impact from the raw material supply period was the highest, over 75 %, of the total environmental impacts over the life cycle. The environmental impacts mainly come from fossil fuel consumption, land occupation and respiratory effects damage from inorganic substances. The contributions from mineral resource consumption, climate change, acidification/eutrophication and eeotoxieity were less. The environmental impacts from laminated package waste disposal were highest in landfill treatment followed by incineration and recycling. Landfill and incineration could account for an additional environmental impact of 11% and 7%, respectively, compared to that before the laminated packaging enters waste stream. In contrast, recycling could reduce 23 % of the environmental impact, and the reduction could be even more significant if the aluminum and plastic were recycled separately.