踝臂指数与心脑血管病危险因素关系的研究

The relationship between ankle brachial index and risk factors of cardiocerebrovascular diseases

目的探讨心脑血管病高危患者踝臂指数（ABI）异常的检出率与心脑血管疾病危险因素及临床心脑血管事件的关系。方法选取我院288例心脑血管病高危住院患者，年龄30-93（64±13）岁，男性165例，女性123例；分为ABI正常组（ABI 0．9～1．3）193例和ABI异常组（1．3〈ABI〈0．9）95例，进行ABI、身高、体重指数、腰围、臀围、血压、心率测量，病史采集及血液生化检查；比较两组间与心脑血管病各危险因素及临床心脑血管病事件发生情况的差异。结果288例患者中ABI异常95例，检出率为32．98％。影响ABI的主要危险因素为年龄（P=0．001）、性别（P=0．013）、血糖（P〈0．01）、血脂（P=0．003）、血压（P〈0．01）、吸烟（P=0．002）等。异常组心、脑血管病事件的检出率分别为26．32％和37．89％，明显高于ABI正常组的10．36％和20．21％，经Logistic回归分析处理，OR值分别是4．09、2．11，P〈0．05，差异有统计学意义。结论心脑血管病高危患者中ABI异常检出率高；ABI与心脑血管病各危险因素具有良好的相关性；ABI是心脑血管事件的预测因子之一。

Objective To investigate the incidence of abnormal ankle brachial index （ABI） in patients with high risk eardiocerebrovaseular diseases, and to explore the relationship between ABI and clinical events of eardioeerebrovascular diseases. Methods 288 patients with high-risk cardiocerebrovascular diseases [ 165 males, 123 females, mean age （64＋13）years] were recruited in the study. Clinical characteristics of subjects including ABI, body height, weight, waistline, hip measurement, blood pressure, heart rate, ease history and blood biochemistry measurements were collected. The subjects were divided into two groups： normal ABI group （ABI： 0.9- 1.30, n=193） and abnormal ABI group （1.3〈ABI〈0.9, n=95）. Then the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and incidence of clinical cardiocerebmvascular events between the two groups were compared. Results The incidence of abnormal ABI in the total subjects was 32.98%（n=95）. The risk factors affected ABI included age （P= 0.001 ）, gender （P=0.013）, blood lipids （P=0.003）, serum glucose （P〈0.01）, blood pressure （P〈0.01）, current smoking history （P=0.002）. The incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in abnormal ABI group were significantly higher than that of normal ABI group （26.32% and 37.89% versus 10.36% and 20.21% separately）. The logistic regression analysis showed that OR value were 4.09 and 2.11（P〈0.05）, separately. Conclusion The prevalence of abnormal ABI is high in cardiovascular patients with high risk factors. ABI is significantly correlated with those risk factors in this population, and may be a potent predictor of cardiocerebrovascular events.