行人交通模型与微观仿真

Pedestrian Modeling and Microscopic Simulation

行人交通是一种重要的交通方式,也是个人出行活动必不可少的行为。从描述行人运动行为的尺度和精细程度出发,将行人交通仿真模型划分为宏观模型、中观模型和微观模型3类,并分析其原理和特点。在对现有行人微观仿真软件调研的基础上,提出Legion、STEPS、SimWalk、AnyLogic是适用于正常情况和疏散情况的软件,研究了如何具体运用上述软件实现模型建立,探讨了建筑空间平面创建、数据输入、参数标定、输出数据的分析处理等关键步骤和流程。研究表明,充分利用已有软件可实现快速有效的行人交通仿真建模。

Pedestrian walk is an important transtport mode and necessary component of personal travel activity. Simulation is an effective tool for pedestrian walk research. However, ordinary traffic simulation models and software are developed for mobile vehicular traffic and unsuitable for pedestrian walk analysis. From scale and fidelity description of pedestrian walk behavior, pedestrian modeling is classified into macroscopic model, mesoscopic model and microscopic model. Their modeling principles and feature are analyzed and microscopic model is mainstream. Based on the investigation of available pedestrian micro-simulation software, it is found that Legion, STEPS, SimWalk and AnyLogic are capable of modeling pedestrian walk under both normal and evacuation situation. Pedestrian modeling is studied using above soft- ware and key steps and processes are illustrated, including plan creation, data input, parameters calibration, data output and analysis. It shows that pedestrian simulation models can be established efficiently by using them.