四种脱蛋白骨组织学和生物力学比较研究

Comparative Study on Four Types of Deproteined Bones Histologically and Biomechanically

目的通过对不同化学方法制作的异体脱蛋白骨的组织学反应和生物力学强度的比较研究，以明确何种方法制作的脱蛋白骨宜于作为植骨材料或生物活性人工骨的载体。方法采用Ｏｓ－ｗｅｓｔｒｙ骨制作法（Ⅰ种）、Ｋｉｅｌ骨制作法（Ⅱ种）、氯仿甲醇磷酸盐过氧化氢乙醇法（Ⅲ种）、过氧化氢乙醚法（Ⅳ种）所制成的４种脱蛋白骨，植入１２只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大白鼠肌袋内，于术后１，２，４，６周处死行组织学观察；另将４种脱蛋白骨制成形态、重量一致的试件，分别进行压缩、折弯、剪切、扭转等力学测试。结果Ⅰ种脱蛋白骨组织学相容性最好，但力学性能最差；Ⅲ种生物力学性能较好，但炎症反应较重；Ⅱ和Ⅳ种组织相容性和生物力学性能较好。结论Ⅱ。

Aim To find out which type of deproteined bone is more appropriate to be the bone graft material or the bioactive carrier of artificial bone. Methods Firstly, the four types (① Oswestry bone, ② Kiel bone, ③ Chloroform Methanol bone, ④ H 2O 2 Ether bone) of deproteined bones were implanted in the muscular pocket of Wistar rats respectively. The rats were killed and studied on the histology of deproteined bones 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperation. Secondly, the specimen models of the four types of deproteined bones with same morphology and weight were compressed, bent, shared and torsioned, respectively. Results The outcome revealed that Oswestry bone had the best biocompatibility and the worst biomechanical values, the Chloroform Methanol bone caused inflammatory response but had the best biomechanical character than the other types. Both of the Kiel bone and the H 2O 2 Ether bone had good biocompatibility and biomechanical values. Conclusion The Kiel bone and the H 2O 2 Ether bone are more appropriate to be the bone graft material or bioactive carrier of artificial bones for growth factors than the others.