一种基于无线传感器网络的三维定位模型

3D Positioning Model and Algorithm Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

分布式无线传感器网络节点的定位是一个重要而基本的问题,在诸如搜救、目标跟踪、供应链管理、减灾以及智能环境等领域具有重要的应用价值。将节点分布在具体的应用环境中,利用节点构成自组网,不需要特定的通讯设施,就可以感知和传送周围信息。在建筑项目的管理中,材料管理在管理成本中占有很大的比例,通过在建筑材料上安装RFID,可以比较容易地实时检测它们的位置,甚至可以检测材料的状况。这样在很大程度上提高了生产效率,降低了建筑企业的成本。基于上述原因,提出了一个三维环境下的节点定位模型,并特别地对定位误差进行了分析。该模型已经成功地在建筑项目管理中得到了应用。

Positioning of distributed wireless sensor nodes is an important and fundamental problem in a wide range of applications, such as search and rescue, target tracking, supply chain management, disaster relief and smart environments. By deployed in physical environments, the nodes are envisioned to form ad hoc communication networks and provide sensed data without special communications infrastructure. In constrction project, equiped with RFIDs, the locations of materials and components become of immediate use if such construction resources are to be tracked. Tracking the location of construction resources enables effortless progress monitoring and supports real-time construction state sensing. This greatly improve the productivity and reduce the cost for the construction enterprise. For above reason, we gave a node positioning model in 3 dimensional space and specially discussed it＇s localization error. This model had success-fully used in construction projrect management.