土壤中多环芳烃的微生物降解及土壤细菌种群多样性

Microbial degradation of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and its relations to soil bacterial population diversity

利用室内模拟方法,研究中、低浓度多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤的微生物修复效果,阐明土壤微生物(接种和土著)与PAHs降解的关系.结果表明:投加PAHs高效降解菌可以促进土壤中PAHs的降解,2周内效果显著;典型PAHs降解的难易程度依据为:菲<蒽<芘<苯并(a)芘和屈艹;细菌种群丰度和多样性均与PAHs降解呈负相关关系,同一处理细菌种群结构随时间变化不大.对于中、低浓度PAHs原位污染土壤,增强土著菌的活性是提高土壤PAHs降解率的有效途径之一.

A laboratory simulation test was conducted to study the microbial remediation of soils contaminated by medium and low concentration polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）,and the relationships between the degradation of PAHs and the inoculated and indigenous microbes. The addition of high-effective PAHs-degrading bacteria promoted the biodegradation of soil PAHs,and the effect was remarkable in the first two weeks. The biodegradation of test PAHs was phenanthrene〈anthracene〈pyrene〈benzo[a]pyrene〈chrysene,and negatively correlated with the diversity/abundance of soil bacterial population. In the same treatments,soil bacterial population structure varied less with time,and hence,to increase the activity of indigenous microbes would be an effective way to remediate the farmland soils contaminated by medium and low concentration PAHs.