仓式静态连续好氧堆肥发酵工艺的水气研究

Studies of the effects of vapor on the technology of statically and continuously aerobic fermentation of composting garbage stored in cellars

采用仓式静态连续好氧堆肥发酵工艺,通过建立水平衡体系,系统地研究了水分对整个发酵工艺的影响,得出了仓式静态连续好氧堆肥发酵具有工艺简便,热交换快,水气蒸发量大等特点;好氧堆肥发酵过程中发酵温度保持在65℃左右,含水量控制在45%～55%有利于有机物降解,垃圾堆肥可在40～50d腐熟;静态连续好氧一次堆肥发酵物料的含水量需控制在35%以下,机械自动分选(类)筛分效率高,筛分率在90%～95%,垃圾减容在50%～60%.二次堆肥发酵物料的含水量需控制在25%～30%,机械除杂(碎石、碎玻璃等)效果好,有机肥中杂质含量低于0.8%.静态好氧二次堆肥发酵可以用垃圾渗沥水补充水分,达到资源循环再利用,可实现污水零排放.

The technology of statically and continuously aerobic fermentation of composting garbage stored in cellar has been widely used for waste treatment. In this study,through establishing a water balancing system, we have systematically studied the effects of water content on this whole fermentation technology. The resulted fermentation from using this technology has the characteristics of being technologically simpler,having faster heat exchange rate,and larger quantity of vapor evaporation. In this study,the fermentation temperature was held at about 65 ℃,and water content at 45%-55% ,which helps the decomposition of organic materials and leads to the completion of garbage composting in 40 to 50 d. The water content of ferment from the first aerobic fermentation should be under 35% ,which gives high efficiency of automatic mechanical separation （filtration）,normally at 90-95%,and decreases the volume of garbage at about 50%-60%. The water content of ferment materials should be controlled at 25%-30% for second fermentation. This increases the efficiency of mechanical removal of solid materials （broken stones and glass,etc. ） and decreases them to 0. 8% in the organic materials. The second garbage static state aerobic fermentation can utilize water drained out from the garbage to augment the water supply. Therefore,the resources can be recycled for reutilization and zero wastewater discharge can become true.