2004-2008年贵州省独山县住院死亡病例根本死因分析

Analysis on underlying death causes of death cases in hospital in Dushan county,Guizhou province,2004-2008

目的了解2004-2008年贵州省独山县住院死亡病例的死因模式。方法对独山县人民医院2004-2008年296例死亡病例进行根本死因统计分析。结果住院死亡病例占同期出院病例(39465例)的0.75%;男性死亡193例,女性103例,男女性别比为1.87:1;5岁以下69例(23.31%),其中新生儿34例(占5岁以下的49.28%);5～19岁25例(8.45%);20～49岁96例(32.43%);50～69岁59例(19.93%);70岁以上47例(15.88%)。根本病因以伤害而死亡的人数位居各系统疾病死亡之首,其次是神经系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期某些情况、循环系统疾病等。结论伤害对人类健康影响日益突出,心脑血管疾病死亡逐年增多,呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期某些情况不可忽视,针对住院死亡主要成因,积极开展伤害防范、慢性病"三级"预防、加强妇幼保健工作和提高新生儿疾病诊治水平,是当地当前卫生工作的主要任务。

Objective To understand the death cause pattern of the hospitalized death cases in Dushan county and provide scientific evidence for the disease prevention and control. Methods The analysis was conducted on the underlying dearth causes of 296 death cases in Dushan People＇s Hospital from 2004 to 2008. Results The death cases in the hospital accounted for 0.75 % of the discharged （39465 persons） during the same period. There were 193 male death cases and 103 female death cases （gender ratio： 1.87：1 ）. Sixty nine death cases were the children under 5 years old （23.31%）, among them 34 were the newborns （49.28% of the deaths under 5 years old） ; 25 were the people aged 5- 19 years （ 8.45% ） ; 96 were the people aged 20-49 （ 32.43% ） ; 59 were the people aged 50-69 years （ 19.93% ） and 47 were the people aged over 70 years （ 15.88% ）. The first underlying death cause was injury, followed by nervous system disease, respiratory disease, medical conditions originated from perinatal period and circulatory disease. Conclusion The impact of injury on people＇s health are more striking; the deaths caused by cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease increased year by year and respiratory disease as well as medical conditions originated from perinatal period should not be neglected. According to the major death causes in hospital, the priorities of health care should include the active conduction of injury prevention and three level prevention of chronic disease, improving the maternal/child health care and increasing the diagnostic level of neonatal disease.