洋蓟的营养价值评定及BMY牛育肥效果

The Nutrient Evaluation of Cynaya scolymus. L and Finishing Effect on BMY Cattle

【研究目的】通过对洋蓟及副产品的营养价值进行系统评定,为合理开发洋蓟饲料产品奠定基础,同时观察洋蓟饲料对肉牛育肥效果。【方法】对洋蓟及副产品的营养成分测定,并进行肉牛育肥(30头BMY牛公牛)试验。【结果】结果表明,洋蓟副产品的粗蛋白含量在10.33%以上,洋蓟粉、青贮洋蓟及洋蓟花苞的体外干物质消化率、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)分别为60.09%、26.71%、26.51%,54.97%、31.10%、31.24%和47.14%、34.24%、26.08%,而且洋蓟及饲料产品的瘤胃降解率均高于大部分常用的粗饲料,云南黄牛对洋蓟粉的干物质和粗蛋白的表观消化率为65.14%和50.09%,说明洋蓟副产物相当于优质牧草的营养水平;育肥试验还表明,饲喂洋蓟颗粒料和青贮洋蓟的平均日增重(ADG)分别为1153.33g和873.33g,明显高于青贮玉米的636.67g(P<0.01)。【结论】洋蓟副产品饲喂肉牛的效果明显胜过青贮玉米,可大大提高肉牛养殖效益。洋蓟副产物的营养价值相当于优质牧草的水平,值得肉牛养殖业加以利用。

[OBJECTIVE] The nutrient evaluation of artichoke, Cynaya scolymus. L and its by-product were overall analyzed to develop feedstuff related to artichoke and to clarify the effects of beef finishing.[METHODS] So the artichoke＇s nutrient ingredients were analyzed and 30 BMY bulls were finished.[RESULTS]The results showed that the crude protein contents of artichoke by-products were above 10.33%, and that the in vitro dry matter digestibility, NDF and ADF of artichoke power, silage artichoke and artichoke buds were 60.09%, 26.71%, 26.51%; 54.97%, 31.10%, 31.24% and 47.14%, 34.24%, 26.08%, respectively. Moreover, the degradation rate in rumen of artichoke＇s by-products were higher than the most of usual forages; the DMD and CPD were 65.14% and 50.09%, respectively, indicating the nutrient levels were similar to high-quality forages. Finishing trials showed that the ADGs treated by artichoke pellet feed of artichoke and silage artichoke were 1 153.33 g and 873.33 g, respectively, which were significantly higher than silage corn （636.67 g） （P〈0.01）. [CONCLUSIONS]The finishing effects treated by artichoke＇s by-products surpassed the silage whole-plant corn, improving the benefits of beef industry. The nutrient values of artichoke＇s by-products were closer to the high-quality forages and good for utilizing in beef industry.