缓/控释肥在玉米生产中的应用与展望

Application and Prospect of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers in Maize Production

为推动缓/控释肥料在玉米生产中的应用,实现玉米简化栽培生产,笔者总结了国内报道的有关缓/控释肥料研究与应用的文献资料。在介绍缓/控释肥料概念和特性的基础上,概述了缓/控释肥料在玉米上的效应研究,试验结果表明:缓/控释肥料与等养分量的常规化肥相比在不同地区不同土壤对玉米均有不同程度的增产,增产率5.1%～19.6%,提高化肥当季利用率3.5%～19.1%,还可以提高玉米子粒品质等。提出了缓/控释肥料在中国玉米生产上应用存在的主要问题,对缓/控释肥料的应用前景进行了展望,今后应大力研制和推广玉米专用缓/控释肥料。

In this paper, in order to promoting slow/controlled release fertilizers （SRFs） applying to maize production, achieve maize simplified cultivation production, the research and application literatures of SRFs were summarized that were published in China. Firstly, the SRFs concept and characteristics are introduced, and then the effects of SRFs in maize production are summarized, the results showed that： the SRFs could make maize yield increase compared with conventional fertilizer in the same amount nutrients in different soils and regions, the percentage increases is 5.1%-19.6%, current quarter utilization rate of fertilizer was improved with 3.54%-19.1%, and was also the maize grain quality. The main problems are put forward about SRFs applying to maize production in China, the application prospect of SRFs is discussed in the future, and the maize-specific SRFs should be developed and promoted actively.