超越“反”的逻辑——论乌托邦精神的失落与重建

Transcending the logic of "Against":On the Loss and Reconstruction of the Utopian Spirit

乌托邦精神是植根于人类的生存结构与人性根基的自由精神,是对人的有限性与生存状态不完美性永远说不的超越精神。反乌托邦主义话语遮蔽了乌托邦精神,现代人"类"的丧失与社会"犬儒化"的存在状况又导致了乌托邦精神的失落。重建乌托邦精神是时代的重大问题。本文认为,这一精神的重建必须在康德与马克思之间寻求"信仰"与"运动"的张力,通过对这两种改造社会的力量实现有效的整合才可实现,在"信仰"中点滴地创造"运动"的历史契机,在"运动"中加强"信仰"的力量。

The utopian spirit is the spirit of freedom rooted in the structure of human survival and human nature. It is also a transcendental spirit that always refuses to accept the limits of man and the imperfect state of existence. The author points out that the discourse against utopia has sheltered this spirit, whereas the loss of ＂category＂ of modern man plus the existence of ＂cynicism＂ in the modern society have led to the loss of the utopian spirit. Therefore, reconstruction of the utopian spirit is a major theme of the time. The article maintains that to reconstruct the utopian spirit it is necessary to refer to Kant and Marx as a source of ideas for the tension between ＂faith＂ and ＂movement＂, and integrate these two forces of social transformation. That is, gradually creating historical opportunities for ＂movement＂ through faith, and strengthening the power of ＂faith＂ in the process of ＂movement＂.