铁对藻类生长的影响及其光谱识别研究展望

Advance in Study on the Effects of Iron on Algal Growth and Spectral Recognition

铁(Fe)是藻类生长所必需的微量营养元素,在藻类对氮的吸收、固氮菌对氮的固定、叶绿素合成、卟啉生物合成、光合作用电子传输等生物过程中发挥着非常重要的作用。因此在水体富营养化治理过程中,除了要注意控制氮、磷的输入,还应考虑Fe的调控作用。遥感技术是监测水体富营养化的有效措施,应用遥感技术可以实时、大面积监测水体中藻类的生长分布情况。水体中Fe浓度的波动会使藻类细胞的代谢活动发生变化,进而反映在藻类反射光谱上,而地物特征与其光谱特征的关系是解译遥感影像的关键;研究Fe的藻类光谱效应,对于阐明湖泊中水华爆发与Fe的关系、分析水华爆发的动态过程以及建立湖泊富营养化遥感预警体系都具有重要的意义。文章基于"Fe假说",综述了Fe对藻类生长的重要作用及藻类光谱研究进展,并对Fe的藻类光谱效应在水体富营养化遥感预警机制研究领域的应用进行了展望。

Iron is an essential micronutrient of phytoplankton.Iron plays an important role in many biological processes such as nitrogen assimilation,N2 fixation,photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport,and porphyrin biosynthesis.Therefore,the regulation effects of iron should be considered besides nitrogen and phosphorus during the treatment of eutrophication lakes process.Remote sensing technology has been recognized as an effective measure in monitoring eutrophicated water bodies which could be used to timely monitor the distribution and growth status of algal on a large scale.The iron concentration fluctuation may have an important influence on the metabolic activity of the algal cells,and the spectral reflectivity could reflect the physiological characteristics of algal.The relationship between land features and their spectral characteristics is important for the interpretation of remote sensing images.Studies of algal spectral propertises under different iron-supply would be meaningful for determining the bloom and developing the remote sensing warning system of lake eutrophication.In the present paper,the effects of iron on the growth of algal and the advances in studies of algal spectrum are summarized based on the iron hypothesis.Furthermore,the application of spectral properties of algal under different iron-supply in early-warning mechanism of lake eutrophication is prospected.