高砷暴露致皮肤损伤人群尿砷代谢产物分析

Analysis of Urine Arsenic Metabolites of People with Skin Lesion Caused by High Arsenide Exposure

目的探讨高砷暴露致皮肤损伤人群尿砷代谢的特点。方法应用氢化物发生-冷阱捕获-原子吸收分光光度法测定高砷暴露地区(水砷浓度分别为0.21、0.24、0.36mg/L)皮肤损伤组人群(77人)和未见皮肤损伤对照组人群(77人,性别、年龄1∶1配比)尿中无机砷(iAs)、一甲基胂酸(MMA)和二甲基胂酸(DMA)含量。以iAs、MMA及DMA的总和表示总砷(tAs)水平;以iAs/tAs、MMA/tAs和DMA/tAs分别计算iAs%、MMA%、DMA%;以(MMA+DMA)/tAs及DMA/(MMA+DMA)分别计算一甲基化率(FMR)和二甲基化率(SMR)水平。结果皮肤损伤组人群与对照组人群相比尿中各形态砷化合物及总砷含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而皮肤损伤组尿iAs%水平高于对照组,DMA%、FMR和SMR水平低于对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。皮肤损伤组人群中男性SMR水平显著低于女性,且尿中MMA%显著高于女性(P<0.05)。结论高砷暴露情况下,出现皮肤损伤症状的人群对砷的甲基化能力较低。

Objective To explore the characteristics of urine arsenic metabolism of people with skin lesion. Methods The levels of inorganic arsenic （iAs）, monomethylated arsenic （MMA）, dimethylated arsenic （DMA） in urine were detected with hydride generation-cold trap-atomic absorption spectroscopy among population exposed to higher levels of arsenide （0.24,0.36,0.21 mg/L）, which consisted of skin lesion group（n=77） and non-skin lesion group（n=77,control group） in Apr.,2009 . Total arsenic （tAs）, iAs %, MMA%, DMA%, the first methylation ratio （FMR） and the secondary methylation ratio （SMR） were calculated as iAs ＋ MMA＋ DMA, iAs/tAs, MMA/tAs, DMA/tAs, （MMA ＋ DMA）/tAs and DMA/（MMA ＋ DMA）, respectively. Results No significant difference was observed in urinary concentrations of arsenic species and tAs between two groups （P〉0.05）, iAs% was much higher and the levels of FMR, SMR and DMA% were significantly lower in skin lesion group compared with the control （P〈0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in iAs% and SMR between males and females of the skin lesion group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The arsenic methylation capacity of the persons with skin lesions is lower at high arsenic exposure.