糖胺聚糖与蛋白相互作用方法学研究进展

Research progress on the methodology of glycosaminoglycan-protein interactions

糖胺聚糖(glycosam inoglycans,GAGs)是一种长链多糖,作为糖生物学中研究的主要物质种类,广泛存在于动物细胞的表面和细胞外基质。很多种类的GAGs与其受体蛋白结合,包括细胞因子、粘附分子、趋化因子、生长因子、酶及病原体蛋白等,从而介导重要的生物机制。探究GAG-蛋白质相互作用,对开发新的高特异性的临床药物具有深远的意义。但相对于蛋白质-蛋白质、蛋白质-核酸相互作用的研究而言,GAG-蛋白质相互作用的研究相对滞后。本文主要通过介绍近年来GAGs与蛋白质相互作用的研究方法,包括亲和层析(AC)、聚丙烯凝胶电泳(PAGE)、毛细管电泳(CE)、凝胶迁移或电泳迁移率(GMSA/EMSA)、表面等离子共振分析技术(SPR)及质谱技术(MS)等,并对其进行分析和对比,为进一步研究GAG-蛋白质相互作用提供技术参考。

Glycosaminoglycans （GAGs） were linear polysaccharides present on all animal cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix.Large numbers of GAGs can bind proteins,including chemokines,cytokines,growth factors,morphogens,enzymes,extracellular matrix,or adhesion molecules,and these protein-GAG interactions provide numerous important biological activities.Understanding of these interactions is of fundamental importance in the design of new highly specific therapeutic agents.In addition,the understanding of carbohydrate-protein interactions has lagged behind that of the more thoroughly studied protein-protein and protein-ucleic acid interactions.This review focuses on aspects of the methodology of glycosaminoglycan protein interactions,including AC （affinity chromatography）,PAGE （polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis）,CE（capillary electrophoresis）,gel/electrophoretic mobility shift assay （GMSA/EMSA）,surface plasmon resonance（SPR）,mass spectrometry （MS）.Analysis and comparison of these methods is to provide information for further studying on the GAG-protein interactions.