蔬菜出口产地的农药使用行为及其对农民健康的影响——来自山东省莱阳、莱州和安丘三市的调研证据

Farmers’ Pesticide Use and Its Impacts on Farmers’ Health in Export-oriented Vegetable Region: Evidences from an Investigation in Laiyang,Laizhou and Anqiu Cities,Shandong Province

近年来,蔬菜的农药残留问题日益成为食品安全中备受关注的焦点。尽管国内外学者对此已有一定研究,但针对蔬菜出口产地的农药使用行为及其对农民健康影响方面的实证研究却相当缺乏。本文根据在山东省取得的调研数据,深入研究了蔬菜出口产地的农药使用行为及其对农民健康的危害。结果表明,农民在使用农药的过程中存在着未能严格按照标签对农药进行稀释等一系列不规范的使用行为;而且不规范地使用农药和缺乏相应的保护措施对农民的整体健康造成了不可忽视的负面影响,其中是否采取保护措施对农民的皮肤健康有着显著的影响;喷洒次数对农民的呼吸系统具有显著的负面影响。在此基础上,本文提出了加大力度宣传正确使用农药的方法以及强化对农药使用的监控措施等相关政策建议。

The problem of pesticide residues in vegetables has become the focus of food safety in recent years. Although some domestic and foreign scholars have studied the related topic, it is still lack of the empirical study on farmer＇ s behavior of pesticide use in export - oriented vegetable region and its impacts on farmer＇ s health. This paper is to do in - depth research on farmer＇ s pesticide use and its effects on health, based on the investigation data obtained in Shandong province. As the results, there were less strictly process according to the label for the dilution of pesticide among farmers, moreover, the negative influence made by pesticide exposure on farmer＇ s overall health can＇ t be ignored, including whether to take protective measures in the field had obvious effects on peasant＇ s skin as well as spraying frequency had significant negative effect on farmer＇s respiratory system. On this basis, this study suggests that it is necessary to expand publicity more powerfully of correct use of pesticides, and strengthen the monitor mechanism of pesticide use, and so on.