氮、磷和钾肥对菜用大豆籽粒产量和主要矿质元素积累的影响

Effects of N,P and K Fertilizer on Grain Yield and Mineral Element Content in Grain of Vegetable Soybean

以大豆专用型品种南农9610为材料,研究了温室大棚条件下,氮、磷和钾肥不同肥料水平对菜用大豆籽粒产量和主要矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明:适量增施氮、磷和钾肥均可明显提高大豆籽粒产量,但施肥过多则降低产量。氮肥和磷肥对菜用大豆籽粒中氮有明显促进作用,磷和钾肥对籽粒磷有促进作用,氮、磷、钾肥对籽粒钾含量均具有明显的促进作用,而钾肥对籽粒中氮含量、氮对籽粒中磷含量具有负作用。施氮使籽粒中Mg、Mn和Fe的含量和积累量先上升再下降;而籽粒中Ca则在低氮时大幅度下降,此后逐渐回升;施磷和钾使Mg、Mn、Fe和Ca含量先上升再下降。

Vegetable soybean is an important cash crop, whose yield and quality formation is greatly influenced by fertilizer application. Three experiments were conducted to study effects of N, P and K fertilizer on grain yield and mineral element content in vegetable soybean grain with the variety of Nannong 9610 in greenhouse. The results showed that treatments of N, P and K fertilizer significantly influenced the yield of vegetable soybean. N and P increased grain N content, P and K increased grain P content, N, P and K increased grain K content,while K decreased N and N decreased P content. The application of N increased Mg, Fe and Mn content with low to appropriate N rate, and decreased them with high N rate. While Ca decreased with low N rate and gradually increased with N increased. P and K increased Fe, Mn, Mg and Ca to a certain rate.