植物抗病基因工程育种策略及其在大豆上的应用

Strategies of Genetic Engineering Breeding for Plant Disease Resistance and Its Application in Soybean

概述了植物抗真菌病害、细菌病害和病毒病害基因工程育种的主要策略,重点介绍了大豆转基因抗病育种的主要成果。植物抗病害转基因育种策略主要包括基于寄主-病原菌相互识别和信号传导体系的基因工程和基于抗菌蛋白的基因工程;植物抗病毒病害基因工程育种策略还包括病毒外壳蛋白基因介导的抗性、复制酶介导的抗性、运动蛋白介导的抗性、卫星RNA介导的抗性、RNA介导的抗性等。

This paper reviewed strategies in disease resistance breeding by genetic engineering. Then the research progress on disease-resistant breeding of soybean by transgenic technology was summarized. The breeding strategies for disease resistance with genetic engineering can be grouped into two general categories ： （ 1 ） The expression of genes that participate in the host-virus interaction or signal transduction of the hypersensitive response. （2）The expression of gene products that are directly toxic to pathogens or that reduce their growth. These include pathogenesis-related proteins （PR proteins）, antifungal proteins, antimicrobial peptides, ribosome inactivating proteins （RIP） , and phytoalexins. Moreover, virus- resistant transgenics can be developed by introducing either viral coat protein（CP） or replicase gene encoding sequences. RNA-mediated resistante, known as post-transcriptional gene silencing, is a successful strategy. Other approaches for achieving viral resistance described in the article,include the use of satellite RNA and viral movement protein.