新中国管理科学的开创者之一——周华章在运筹学领域的贡献

A Pioneer of Management Science in New China:——Zhou Huazhang's contribution on "Operations Research"

周华章(1917—1968)是新中国早期管理科学家,学界对其介绍却并不多。他先后在清华大学、南开经济研究所和美国芝加哥大学取得学士硕士博士学位,早在20世纪40年代已进入数量经济学前沿;1953年回国后,周华章在钱学森、华罗庚领导下,与许国志、刘源张等共同引进和发展了运筹学,介绍"投入—产出法",推广工业数理统计学,由经济学家转型成为新中国管理科学的开创者之一。以周华章的论著、相关史料和档案为依据,介绍其生平,评述其学术活动与成就,从而论证了周华章为新中国的管理科学作出的贡献。

Zhou Huazhang （1917 -1968） studied in Tsinghua University, in Nankai Institute of Economics, and in the University of Chicago respectively. After receiving a Ph.D. degree in the University of Chicago in 1952, he returned to new China. In the next sixteen years, he, under the leadership of Qian Xuesen and Hua Luogeng, enthusiastically promoted ＂Operations Research＂ and ＂Input - Output Analysis＂ and advocated industrial mathematical statistics in China. He was an economist - turned - pioneer of management science in new China. Based on archival documents and correspondences with Zhou＇s family members and some of his former colleagues, this paper outlines Zhou＇s turmoil life and academic career, and discusses his major contributions to the introduction of Operations Research in China as well.