太湖表层悬浮泥沙遥感定量模式研究

Study on Quantitative Model for Suspended Sediment Concentration in Taihu Lake

二类水体光学活性成分的复杂性导致了水体光学特性的复杂性。通过对太湖区域实测高光谱数据的分析,进一步认识了太湖水体的光谱特性与悬浮泥沙浓度之间的关系:最大反射峰波长随着悬浮泥沙浓度的增加向短波方向移动,即"蓝移现象";敏感波段区域的光谱曲线对波长的积分面积与悬浮泥沙浓度之间具有良好的线性关系,近似后的梯形面积模型能较好地反映太湖泥沙浓度状况,并适用于LandSat/TM等多光谱卫星影像数据反演。梯形面积模型的反演,结果表明太湖区域悬浮泥沙浓度主要集中在30～80 mg·L^(-1)之间,分布呈现湖西、湖南和湖心高,湖东低的格局;与实测数据相比较,反演模型相对误差为6.035%。

The complicated compositions of Case Ⅱ waters result in the complex properties of spectral curves. The present paper analyzed the in situ measurements data of spectral curves, and further realized the relationships between the properties of spectral curves and suspended sediment concentration. The study found that the max peak of spectral curves was moving to the direction of shortwavelength as increasing suspended sediment concentration, namely the blue shift of wavelength; the area enclosed by spectral curve and coordinate axis in the range of sensitive bands had preferably linear relationship with the suspended sedi-ment concentration （curve area model） ; the trapezoidal area model which was an approximation of curve area model could also excellently reflect those relationships, and be greatly suitable for multi-spectral satellite imagery retrieval such as LandSat/TM, MODIS and so on. The inversion results of trapezoidal area model for LandSat/TM imagery on October 27, 2003 in Taihu Lake showed that the suspended sediment concentration ranged from 30 to 80 mg · g^-1 , the distribution pattern was higher in the west, south and central lake and lower in the east lake; compared with the in situ measurements in the regions, and the relative error of retrieval model was 6. 035%.