从《挽歌》看陆机的死亡观

Viewing Lu Ji's Attitude towards "Death" through the Poem "Elegy"

有着独特人生经历的西晋文学家陆机,在许多作品里表现了"生命"这一传统的主题。由于受到儒学的深刻影响,陆机对生命本体的认识倾向于理性。《挽歌》是集中表现陆机生命观的诗作,包括其三首《挽歌》组诗与《庶人挽歌辞》《士庶挽歌辞》《王侯挽歌辞》《挽歌辞》等另外四首。通过对其挽歌系列作品的分析,可以看出陆机对"死亡"的态度是严肃的,执著的,且有浓重的"哀死"倾向。其原因源于其诗人的敏感心灵与所遭遇的社会变故。

Lu Ji, the man of letters in Western Jin Dynasty, displays the traditional topic of ＂life＂ in many of his works through his own unique life experience. Being deeply effected by Confucianism, his perception of life tends to be rational. The poem ＂Elegy＂ displays the thanatopsis of Lu Ji, and it includes three poems of ＂Elegy＂ and other four poems namely ＂Elegy of Shuren＂, ＂Elegy of Shishu＂, ＇＂ Elegy of Princes＂, and ＂Lyric of Elegy＂. Analyzing the works, we conclude that Lu Ji＇s attitude towards ＂death＂ is serious and persistent, and it origins from the sensitive heart of the poet and the social misfortune he encountered.