γ射线与EMS单一及复合处理对烤烟种子活力的诱变效应

Mutagenic Effects of γ-Ray and EMS on Seed Vigor of Tobacco

为探讨γ射线与EMS对烤烟诱变的适宜剂量，以K346、NC82和云85等3个品种的风干种子为材料，设置10个^60Co-γ射线剂量梯度和儿个EMS浓度梯度及其组合共计330个处理，研究了7射线与EMS单一及复合处理对烤烟种子活力的影响。结果表明，γ射线、EMS、品种及其两两互作等因素均对种子活力指数有极显著影响。3个品种对γ射线的辐射敏感性顺序为云85〉K346〉NC82，烟草γ射线诱变适宜剂量为300-350Gy；3个品种对EMS的诱变敏感性顺序为云85〉K346≈NC82；烟草EMS诱变适宜浓度为0．35％；γ射线与EMS复合诱变敏感性顺序为云85〉K346≈NC82，复合处理中γ射线对活力指数的损伤效应大于EMS。

To explore appropriate dose of γ-ray and EMS for mutagenesis of tobacco seeds, 330 treatments combined with 10 different doses of γ-ray and 11 different concentrations of EMS were designed, and mutagenic effects of γ-ray and EMS on tobacco seeds of K346, NC82, and Yun 85 were studied. The results showed that γ-ray, EMS, tobacco variety, and their interactions have significant effects （P〈0.01） on seed vigor index. The sequence of γ-ray radiation sensitivity for tobacco varieties is Yun 85 〉 K346 〉 NC82, and the appropriate dose of γ-ray is 300-350 Gy. The sequence of EMS mutagenic sensitivity for tobacco varieties is Yun 85〉K346≈NC82, and the appropriate concentration of EMS is 0.35 %. The sequence of mutagenic sensitivity of interaction of y-ray and EMS for tobacco varieties is Yun 85〉K346≈NC82, and the injury of y-ray to seed vigor is larger than of EMS.