鄱阳湖湖控工程对水生生态的影响初探

Discussion on Impact of Poyang Lake Control Project on Aquatic Eco-environment

鄱阳湖是长江流域最大的通江湖泊,具有相对完整的水陆相生态系统.鄱阳湖湖控工程实施后,湖区水位将常年维持在16.0～18.0m之间,对鄱阳湖区水生态环境产生一系列的影响.就实施湖控工程对湖区水生生态系统、鱼类、水生植物、水生哺乳动物等的影响进行分析和探讨.分析认为:实施湖控工程后湖区水体初级生产力将得到提高,水生生物资源量会有所增加,但生物多样性会降低;苔草类植物的减少将影响鲤科鱼类卵的附着孵化;建闸将季节性阻隔鱼类和江豚的洄游通道.

Poyang Lake is the largest Yangtze River basin lake with a comparatively integrated aquatic-terrestrial ecosystem. After carring out of Poyang Lake Control Project, the water level will perennially maintain between 16.0 m and 18.0 m. It will bring a series of impacts on the aquatic eco- environment of Poyang Lake. Discusses on the impacts of Poyang Lake Control Project on aquatic ecosystem, fish, water plant, aquatic mammal, and etc. The results show that the primary production and aquatic resources will be improved while biological diversity will reduce. Decrease of carex will impact the incubation of Cyprinidae roe. The project will also seasonally obstruct migration of fish and finless porpoise.