鸭式旋翼/机翼飞机悬停及小速度前飞气动干扰实验研究

Experimental Investigation on Aerodynamic Interactions of Canard Rotor/Wing Aircraft in Hover and Low Speed Forward Flight

鸭式旋翼/机翼飞机是一种新概念可垂直起降高速飞行器,为了解该飞机在悬停及小速度前飞时的全机气动干扰特性,在南京航空航天大学开口风洞中进行了飞机全机气动力实验,实验采用多台测力天平分别测量主机翼和机身的气动力。结果表明,悬停时受主机翼高速旋转产生的下洗尾流影响,机身产生了较大的法向力和低头力矩;前飞时下洗尾流对机身的法向力和俯仰力矩有比较严重的干扰,对滚转力矩和偏航力矩干扰较小,对侧向力有一定影响。实验结果为飞机的飞行动力学特性研究以及控制律设计提供了参考。

Canard Rotor/Wing Aircraft （CRW）is a revolutionary high-speed rotorcraft that combines the speed and range of a fixed-wing aircraft with the flexibility of rotary-wing flight. In order to have an insight into aerodynamic interactions between the rotor/wing and fuselage of CRW in hover and low speed forward flight,a shaft-driven rotor/wing and scaled fuselage model were tested in an open circuit wind tunnel of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics （NUAA）, multiple sixcomponent force and moment balance was used to measure the forces and moments of rotor/wing and fuselage respectively. Results show that in hover the fuselage normal force and pitching moment are relatively high due to the influence of rotor/wing downwash; and in low speed forward flight, the downwash have strong interaction on the normal force and pitching moment of fuselage due to the big dimension horizontal tail; the effects of downwash on the fuselage rolling and yawing moments are little and the influence on fuselage side force is considerable. These results can provide reference for flight dynamics research and control law development of CRW.