2008年全国血吸虫病疫情通报

Schistosomiasis status in People's Republic of China in 2008

本文通报了2008年全国血吸虫病疫情。至2008年底,全国估计血吸虫病人412 927例,报告急性病例57例,其中1例为境外输入的曼氏血吸虫病例,与2007年相比分别下降了19.97%和32.53%。全年共救治晚期血吸虫病人21 222例,比2007年增加了15.04%。全国现有钉螺面积372 263.11 hm2,其中新增钉螺面积1 197.89 hm2,均在历史无螺区内发现。全国流行地区现有耕牛存栏数1 468 669头,较2007年减少了1.86%,耕牛感染率(1.34%)较2007年(2.12%)下降了36.79%,但耕牛仍是疫区血吸虫病传播的主要传染源。以湖沼型流行区为主的江苏、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南5省以及以山丘型流行区为主的云南省均达到疫情控制标准,四川省达到了传播控制标准,基本实现了《全国预防控制血吸虫病中长期规划纲要(2004～2015年)》制定的中期目标。

This report overviewed the national endemic status of schistosomiasis in China in 2008. During the whole year of 2008, a total of 412 927 cases of schistosomiasis were estimated and 57 acute cases were reported, among which one acute case infected with Schistosoma mansoni was imported from overseas. The reduction rates of total cases and acute cases were 19.97% and 32.53% when comparing to those in 2007, respectively. A total of 21 222 advanced cases were treated in 2008 with an increase rate of 15.04% comparing with that in 2007. About 372 263.11 hm^2 of areas infested with Oncomelania snails were found in 2008, and about 1 197.89 hm^2 newly detected areas were found in non-infested areas with Oncomelania snails, in historical records. There were 1 468 669 head of the cattle with its infection rate of 1.34% in schistosomiasis transmission regions, with reduction rates of 1.86% and 36.79% , respectively, comparing to those in 2007. However, cattle were still remaining as the main infectious source for the transmission of schistosomiasis. Six provinces including Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, and Yunnan reached the national criteria of infection control. Sichuan Province reached the national criteria of transmission control. The country achieved the mid-term goal of schistosomiasis control written in the document of ＂Outline of mid- and long-term national programme on control and prevention of schistosomiasis （2004-2015） ＂.