2008年全国血吸虫病疫情监测

Surveillance of schistosomiasis in China in 2008

目的分析2008年全国血吸虫病疫情监测数据,了解监测点疫情变化趋势,为及时调整血吸虫病防治策略提供依据。方法按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案》要求,收集2008年全国80个血吸虫病监测点螺情、病情和相关因素的调查数据,分析监测结果。结果2008年全国血吸虫病监测点居民血检阳性率和感染率分别为9.86%和0.67%,家畜感染率为1.62%,较2007年均有明显下降,但监测点家畜圈养仅占6.07%。共查出感染性钉螺面积177.70 hm2,新发现钉螺面积7.64 hm2,活螺平均密度为0.32只/0.1 m2,钉螺感染率为0.15%。结论2008年全国血吸虫病监测点人畜病情及螺情均较2007年有所下降;家畜依然是血吸虫病的主要传染源,需进一步加强家畜管理,同时应关注螺情监测和钉螺控制。

Objective To survey and understand the endemic situation of schistosomiasis among 80 national surveillance sites in China in 2008,so as to provide the evidence for decision-making of schistosomiasis control.Methods According to the National Surveillance Protocol for Schistosomiasis,the data of schistosomiasis in residents,domestic animals and Oncomelania snails and other relevant factors were collected and analyzed in the 80 national surveillance sites.Results Among the 80 national surveillance sites,the average positive rate of residents with sera examination and the average infection rate of the residents were 9.86%and 0.67%,respectively,and the infection rate of domestic animals was 1.62%,all remarkably decreased compared with the rates of 2007,but the proportion of domestic animals stable breeding was only 6.07%.The areas of infected snail habitats and the new snail habitats were 177.70 hm^2 and 7.64 hm2,respectively.The mean density of living snails and infection rate of snails were 0.32/0.1 m^2 and 0.15%,respectively.Conclusions The endemic situation of residents,domestic animals and snails decreased in 2008 compared with those in 2007,and domestic animals are still the main infection sources of schistosomiasis,the management of domestic animals need to be further strengthened,meanwhile the surveillance and control of snails should be focused on.